Because it is widely cultivated throughout tropical africa, the bambara district has no preeminent claim to the plant. Or vigna subterranea kacang bogor on wood background bambara groundnut. Bambara groundnuts voandzeia subterranea claim no peanuts as relatives. This page is an index of articles on plant species or higher taxonomic groups with the same common name vernacular name. Plant breeding and genetics abubakar tafawa balewa university, bauchi, nigeria a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy phd in plant breeding. Toasting of the bambara groundnut involves pouring the needed quantity of the nut into a garri frying pan, set over fire. According to a report by bamshaiye et al 2011, bambara groundnut is an herbaceous, intermediate, annual plant, with creeping stems at ground level 36.
Bambara groundnut protein was deficient in the sulphur amino acids, methionine and cysteine but met the fao requirements for all other essential and non. Pdf bambara groundnut, an indigenous african crop cultivated for. And the aim of this study was to enhance the nutritional value of wheat bread through the addition of bambara groundnut flour to wheat four. Inhibitory properties of bambara groundnut protein. Some nutritional attributes of bambara groundnut as. Roots a compact welldeveloped taproot with many profuse geotropic short lateral roots 20 cm long. About 30 % of bambara groundnut farmers plant the crop as sole while 65. Nutritional value of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea. It needs bright sunshine, high temperatures, at least 4 months free of frost, and frequent rains to grow best. Groundnut definition is any of several plants having edible tuberous roots. Results indicated that most bambara groundnut farmers were literate 99. Biscuits prepared without bambara groundnut flour were kept as control. Nitrogen fixation and nitrogen nutrition in symbiotic bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. Bambara groundnut basics it is a paradox that an indigenous african crop which produces almost completely balanced food and easy to cultivate and also makes very little demand on the soil, should be relegated in its own countries doku, 1996.
Proximate analysis, characterisation and utilization of. Muofhe 72 pests and diseases of bambara groundnut in zimbabwe y. Bambara groundnut vigna subterranea seeds feedipedia. Inhibitory properties of bambara groundnut protein hydrolysate and peptide fractions against angiotensin. The turning of the nut while on fire continued until it turned brownish. Bambara groundnut is an underutilized african legume which provides security for many farmers as it shows considerable drought resistance. One of the main attributes of bambara ground nut is its tolerance of drought and poor soils and its ability to yield in conditions when groundnut fails completely linnemann, 1990. It is recognized for its high nutritional value, its tolerance to poor soils, drought, salt stress and its ability to produce in. The whole pods are boiled, and the seeds are eaten as a snack. Zahran 1,2natural products department, national center for radiation research and technology, nasr city,cairo, egypt. The seeds were carefully cleaned and freed of foreign materials and the seeds were ground to pass a 0.
Variability in dehulling efficiency, colour, chemical composition and selected functional properties of raw and pretreated bambara groundnut. Verdcourt landraces using quantitative morphological traits for plant breeding to control these constraints could help to increase the production and the productivity of this crop15. Functional properties were water and oil absorption, gelation, pasting, emulsification and foaming capacity. Of particular importance to africa, the peanut there mostly known as groundnut contributes substantial nutrition to roughly threedozen nations encompassing two vast belts, one stretching from senegal to the central african republic and the other from sudan to south africa. Prebreeding of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. Carbonized bambara groundnut shell cbgns was used as adsorbent for the adsorption of paraquat dichloride pq from aqueous solution. The prepared adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy sem and fourier transform infrared ftir spectroscopy methods.
The bambara groundnut has many content, such as carbohydrate, protein ash, water, and oil. Fertiliser usage may be linked to the development of certain diseases. Bambara groundnut grows close to the ground and the nuts are produced underground. Propagation the bambara groundnut is propagated by seed.
The isolated native starch bns was modified by annealing at 50c for 48 hr bas, and heat. Effect of bambara groundnut flour vigna subterranea l. Preliminary assessment of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. Look up groundnut in wiktionary, the free dictionary. The mean quality score of the biscuits decreased with the level of the bambara groundnut flour was increased. The international bambara groundnut network bamnet was founded as a result of an international bambara groundnut workshop, held 1416 november 1995 in harare, zimbabwe. Groundnut, or peanut, is commonly called the poor mans nut. Characteristics of the underutilised pulse bambara groundnut. Its seeds are highly nutritious and we can consider them a complete food.
May 06, 2009 bambara groundnuts voandzeia subterranea claim no peanuts as relatives. Bambara nut, bambara bean, congo goober, earth pea, ground bean, or hogpeanut is a member of the family fabaceae. Nutritional value of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. Heap of steamed groundnut in a market for selling fresh food bambara groundnut. Bambara groundnut vigna subterranea role in tropical africa, where they are part of tradition in l. Bambara groundnut production in companion with other food crops. Bambara groundnut is important for smallholders and their households because the. Bambara groundnut was collected from a local market and analysised. Africa, voandzou, nzama malawi, indhlubu and underground bean. Bambara groundnut is now widely distributed in the semiarid zone of subsaharan africa ssa and most authors seem to support the view that there, it is the third most important food legume after cowpea vigna unguiculata and groundnut mkandawire, 2007. Nutritional values and health benefits of bambara groundnut. While we work to ensure that product information is correct, on occasion manufacturers may alter their ingredient lists.
Okpabambara puddinghow to cook okpaokpa wawabambara nut with egg. The objectives were to study the optimum hydro priming duration that will increase dry matter production and seed yield in bambara groundnut landrace. It is an underutilized crop and neglected by research. Naturally infected bambara pods were obtained from farmers field in 2015 from five. Germination of bambara groundnut is hypogeal as the cotyledon remain on the ground. This type of food crop, also known as bambara nuts is predominately cultivated in west africa, it is a type of groundnut and also is one of the common food sources in nigeria as it used in the production of various food delicacies. Bambara groundnut production was mainly in small holdings. The band consists of reid bateh vocals, guitar, blaze bateh drums, vocals, and william brookshire bass, vocals. Agronomic and physiological performance of bambara. The bambara groundnut has become less important in many parts of. Reliable production figures for bambara groundnut are difficult to obtain, because the crop is. Once fertilized, the flower is drawn below the soil through a tunnel. It takes about three to six months to mature, depending on weather conditions and the cultivar.
In recent centuries the onceobscure peanut has expanded so dramatically as to become one of the worlds top crops. Some free living rhizobia saprophytic bulked together for analysis to ascertain the physicoare capable of survival under drought stress or low water chemical properties of the soil. The health benefits of bambara groundnut are due to the abundance of some nutrients, which are present in them. Despite of the many useful properties of this pulse, it remains a neglected. From this data, it was also observed that bambara groundnut had higher protein content than wheat flour and as such could enhance the protein level of the biscuits produced from the blends. Other articles where bambara groundnut is discussed. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to edit the linking article so that it links directly to the intended article. Bambara groundnut fao food and agriculture organization. The species is also grown to a lesser extent in some asian countries such as india, malaysia, philippines and thailand. After finding free from diseases and pests these were grown in pots as. Bambara flour was higher in protein than wheat flour.
Gwekwerere 78 evaluating the potential for bambara groundnut as a food crop in. The possibility of producing a vegetable milk for local use or an extracted protein with functional properties for use in food processing applications was studied. Department of biotechnology and food technology, faculty of applied sciences, durban university of technology, po box 34, durban 4001, south africa. It is always advisable to conduct soil tests and apply fertiliser according to the recommended rates. Their use of machines, loops and other assorted lofi software aided in them also being labeled as noise rock. However, studies on seed borne mycoflora of bambara groundnut is scanty. The effect of soil moisture on the proximate composition. Participatory rural appraisal of bambara groundnut vigna. Diversity of opinion exists among the different tribes as to who first brought bambara to the southern part of africa. The botanical name for groundnut, arachis hypogaea linn. Bambara is a postpunk band from brooklyn, new york. Bambara groundnut is indigenous to subsaharan africa where it is widely cultivated. The immature seeds are boiled and eaten as an early harvested source of food and the fullymatured seeds are cooked or made into flour.
The bambara groundnuts are herbaceous annual plants with creeping stems at ground level. Proximate and amino acid compositions of raw and roasted bambara groundnut seeds were determined. Research findings indicate that the crop has great nutritional and agronomic potential, but it remains scientifically neglected. Jan 05, 2017 in early december 2016, bamyield started harvesting the bambara groundnut vigna subterranea at the cff field research centre. Propagation the bambara groundnut is propagated by. Variability in dehulling efficiency, colour, chemical composition and selected functional properties of raw and pretreated bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. The potential of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea in. Actual product packaging and materials may contain more andor different information than that shown on our web site. Descriptors for bambara groundnut vigna subterranea. Bambara groundnut vigna subterranea is an indigenous african crop that has been cultivated for centuries from senegal to kenya. Moseki4 1botswana college of agriculture, university of botswana, private bag 0027 gaborone, botswana. From the analysis it shows that bambara nut is not an oily seed. The centre of origin is most likely northeastern nigeria and northern cameroon, in west africa.
The genetic resources of this crop face a serious threat of genetic erosion. Antioxidant activity and dna protection against oxidative. A weather generator and a crop simulation model of bambara groundnut bamnut were incorporated into a geographical information system gis to predict, for the first time, bambara groundnut production for the world. Conservation and improvement of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. Issn 21655308 print issn production and evaluation of. We recommend that you do not solely rely on the information presented and that you always read labels, warnings, and directions before using or. Oct 28, 2019 groundnut peanut complete business plan donwload uthman saheed october 28, 2019 business plan this is a complete full groundnut peanut business plan that you can download for your proposed business in nigeria or any part of the world. Mar 18, 2019 groundnut plural groundnuts a climbing vine, apios americana, of eastern north america, having fragrant brownish flowers and small edible tubers. The plant, however, is highly adaptable and tolerates harsh conditions better than most crops.
The bambara groundnut is also called the congo groundnut, congo goober, madagascar groundnut, earth pea, baffin pea, njugo bean s. Optimization of proximate composition and functional. The objective of present study was to determine the seedborne mycoflora occurring on bambara groundnut in benue state, nigeria. Bambara nut, bambara bean, congo goober, earth pea, groundbean, or hogpeanut is a member of the family fabaceae. Cooks use pulverized groundnuts as a thickener, in much the same way that middle eastern cooks use almonds and italian cooks use walnuts or. Bambara groundnut production in companion with other food crops 50. Bambara groundnut flour was supplemented with wheat flour at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% level. This legume is grown for its underground seeds, which are formed in pods on or just below the ground, much like the similar but distinct peanut. The results indicate that only ether extract and ash were significantly p free extract were not significantly p0. The crop trust supported the institut national des recherches agricoles du benin inrab to regenerate four bambara groundnut accessions with the objective of rescuing threatened diversity and enhancing use of these crop. Bambara groundnut agrifoodgateway horticulture international. The food uses of bambara groundnut include feeding of cattle and pigs with the chaff.
Mean values g kg 1 dm of dry matter, protein, starch, free sugars, non. Department of food science and engineering, ladokeakintola university of technology, ogbomoso, nigeria. When nitrogen content is high in the soil, bambara ground nut usually produces mostly only a few pods and seeds on the top surface. Evaluation of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea for yield stability and yield related characteristics by dimakatso roselina masindeni thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements for the m. Bambara groundnut is the second most important food legume and the third food crop after maize and groundnut grown by the smallholder farmers in mpumalanga. In vitro digestibility of hydrothermally modified bambara. Bambara groundnut, also known as vigna subterranea, is a leguminous plant. Seed borne fungi of bambara groundnut in benue state, nigeria. Materials and methods materials bambara groundnut seeds were purchased from algenina market, western states, sudan. Bg flour from red and blackeye varieties were studied. Origin and ecology of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea. Paraquat dichloride adsorption from aqueous solution using. Bambara groundnut grows best in climates suitable for peanuts.
This plant is native to south america and has never been found uncultivated. The roots form nodules for nitrogen fixation, in association. Bambara groundnut vigna subterrenea l verdc is a major source of vegetable protein in subsaharan africa. Vigna subterranea ripens its pods underground, much like the peanut also called a groundnut. It has a deep taproot surrounded by lateral profuse roots bearing nfixing nodules. Groundnut definition of groundnut by merriamwebster. It is a third crop among the grain legume crops of the african lowland tropics after the popular groundnut and cowpea. Utilization of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. The crop trust has supported 2 projects for bambara groundnut.
A plant which bears its nutlike seeds underground, such as a peanut or bambara groundnut. This legume is a small plant that grows to a height of. In africa, bambara groundnut is ranked third in importance after groundnut and cowpea,8,18,19 and although research. Characterisation of bambara groundnut based on morphometric. Assessment of the nutritive value of bambara groundnut as. For this, bambara groundnut seeds were soaked in tap water, manually decorticated, sun dried and milled into fine flour. Bambara groundnut prefers a soil with a ph of 5,0 to 6,5. Soil moisture deficiency has a pronounced groundnut were sown in the respective plastic buckets at. Yield of bambara groundnut on lowfertility soils are generally higher than those of groundnuts grown on similar soil. The name of this african groundnut originates from bambara, a district on the upper niger near timbuctoo. Another indigenous food from west africa, the groundnut does tend to end up cooked in the same way that peanuts are, however.
Groundnut stock photos download 17,353 royalty free photos. The crop makes few demands on the soil, and is known to be drought tolerant and relatively disease free. Africa from brazil and may have r eplaced bambara ground nut, because seeds of groundnut contain signi. A baseline study was conducted in seven districts in semiarid regions of rural zimbabwe to gather knowledge on current. These results indicated that the boiling process caused smaller losses antioxidant activity than dry heating and steaming. The plant originated in west africa the bambara people are found in southern mali, guinea, burkina faso and senegal. The practice of legumelegume intercropping is common. Sean mayes says theyre an underutilised crop and is researching ways to make them grow more. The bambara groundnut has become less important in many parts of africa because of the expansion of groundnut production. Nodulation, nitrogen yield and fixation by bambara groundnut. The nutlike tuber of such a plant, especially peanuts. Bambara groundnut vigna subterranea is the third most. The chemical composition of bambara groundnut as influenced by cooking time is shown in table 1.
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